I needed to install some extra fonts in Ubuntu. Drawing from my OS X experience I figured I could just copy the new fonts to a font folder somewhere and sure enough Ubuntu has system-wide and user-level font folders.

System-wide fonts are located at

/usr/share/fonts/

User specific fonts are located at

~/.fonts

To install a font just copy it to either the system font folder or the user font folder. To remove a font just remove it from these folders.

Now you need to let the system know that it has new fonts available. After installing/removing your fonts you will want to update the system font cache by running this command in your terminal:

fc-cache -v -f